By empowering the knowledge of gene sequence and their functions, biomedical research are more focused towards inter-individual variations that are expected to become eminent part of treatment planning in terms of efficacy and adverse effects of drugs. Existence of genetically distinct races is the reality and so is the pharmacological variations known to occur in varying frequency in different people. Adverse drug reaction conveys great risks of morbidity and mortality to a prescribed drug in a number of populations in the world today. This approach has lead to the development of personalised medicine or tailor made medicine and that is what pharmacogenomics deals with. In this review basics of pharmacogenomics, its futuristic applications in various diseases and various issues related to pharmacogenomics along with its limitations are illustrated.