10.22376/ijpbs.2019.10.1.p1-12 Volume 12 Issue 3 2021 (July-September) Neural tube defects (NTDs) are common congenital defects of central nervous system. These are often associated with abnormality in other organ system. NTDs, such as anencephaly and spina bifida constitute a group of common congenital malformations caused by complex genetic and environmental factors. But till date the exact mechanism lying behind the cause remains elusive. However, during experimentations and investigations different causes of NTDs were identified. Among various causes of Neural-Tube Defects; the most common one is congenital malformation with complex etiology. These arouse due to failure in proper neurulation during polarizing movements of planar cell. This is known as planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway. Numbers of genes are associated with PCP pathway like Dishevelled 2 (DVL 2), Frizzled 7 (FZD 7), VANGL1, VANGL2, Wingless Related Association Site 5A (WNT5A). But, till date the expression profile of these genes are not examined. We identified the lack of knowledge/information in this field and in the present study we tried to check the expression status of VANGL1 and VANGL2 along with other members of PCP by using RT-PCR. We isolated total RNA from tissue of patients and control group and expression profiling were done via RT-PCR, and we found reduced expression of VANGL1 and VANGL2 as compared to their control counterparts (P lessThan 0.05). However the correlation study has also showed that reduced expression of WNT5A has down-regulated the expression of all other genes (DVL2, FZD7, VANGL1, VANGL2 respectively) in a statistically significant manner (P lessThan 0.05). Thus, our preliminary study suggests that WNT5a is the key-player in NTDs also by regulating other gene expressions in a direct or indirect manner. This study also suggests that there are some known and mostly unknown factors in activation of WNT5a may also have crucial part and indirectly they are also responsible factors for NTDs. Sunil Kumar Rai and Somenath Ghosh Neural Tube Defects, Planar Cell Polarity, Risk Factor, Rt-Pcr, Vangl1, Vangl2 139-143